Hydraulic valve.



ROBERT C. BROMLEY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

HvoRAULljc'v/uve.

SPECIFICTIIO forming part of Letters Ilate'nt No. 650,777, dated May 29, 1900. Application fue@ June 30,1899. serial No. 722,400. (N6 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Alleghenyand State of Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered a new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Valves, of which the following is a full, clear,

and exact description, reference being had to' the accompanying drawings, forming part'ot this speciiication, in which- Figure 1 is a central vertical section through my improved valve, the valve-piston being in the middle position. Fig. 2 is a similar view at right angles to Fig. 1, indicated by the line'rII II thereon and showing the valvepiston raised. Fig. 3 is a horizontal crosssection on the line III III of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view on an enlarged scale.

My invention relates to the class of hydraulic valves for controlling theow of water under pressure, and it relates particularly to the construction and arrangement of the various chambers and ports, the piston-valve, andthe packing-cups and manner of securing them in position for the purposeof preventing wear and cutting and also so as to utilize the expansive action of the iiuid inthe valve to prevent leakage at therjoints of the valve.

Referring now to the drawings, 2 represents the main body portion of the valve, within4 which is mounted the hollowcylindrical valveshell consisting of three sections 3, 3b, and 3c.

The middle one of tmb-mymuserted in positioninthemain case 2, which is provided with a series of internal annular grooves 3', and the metal of the valve-shell 3b is then pressed outwardly by an expanding mandrel until the grooves are entirely filled. In this manner the section 3P is immovably incorporated with the case, after which the interior of the shell 3b is turned out to the finished size. Surroundingsuch shell are the chambers 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, to the middle oneof which, 6, leads the feed-passage 9, communieating with any source of pressure, while above and below the chamber 6 are the similar chambers 5 and 7, from which lead the passages 10 11, communicating with any suitable operative mechanism-as, Jfor instance, the ends of adouble-acting cylinder. These passages operate alternately as feed and exhaust passages, respectively, and communil cate through the ports of' the shell 31a-nd of' -Be it known that I, ROBERT C. BROMLEY, a,

the valve either with the feed-chamber 6 and lupper,exhaust-chamber 4 or with feed-chamber 6 and lower exhaust-chamber 8, according to the position of the piston-Valve. This valve is built up of three sections 12, 13, and 14, mounted on a stein 15, having an enlarged extension 16, against which the various sections of the valve are clamped together by nut 17 on the lower end. The upper and `lowersections are provided with an outer cyper gasket 28 from contact or interference.

Likewise clamped `between the middle sections 13 of the piston-valve and upper and lower sections'l12, and 14 are the cups 21,

turned inwardly and inclosing, with a watertight iit inside the middle section 3b of the Valve-shell, the annular cavity 22.

Through the shell-sections at each of the annular chambers are a series of perforatingports 4m, 5a, 62, 7a, and 8, by which commucation is had from the interior of the shell to the surrounding chambers, and vice versa.

In the normal position of the valve (shown in Fig. 1) the cups occupy a position above and below the middle ports 6a, communicating with the feed-chamber 6, so that the pressure of the water within the cavity 22 will tend to throw the edges of the cups outwardly against the interior and close the passage against circulation. It will also be seen that in case the valve is moved up or down over the ports 6at pressure from the outside upon the cups will fully or more than equalize the internal pressure tending to expand the oups, thus protecting them from abrasion or cutting due to pressure against the edges of the ports. When the valve is raised or IOO lowered, any leakage past the first cup 21 into the chamber 22 will tend to expand the other cup, thus preventing further circulation, and it will be noted that in such raised or lowered position of the valve the cups have a bearing against the smooth interior of the shell.

The gaskets 2O surround the piston-valve above and below the cylinder-chambers 5 and 7, the pressure of the water tending to expand them against the outer shell of the end portions 12 and 14. Between the inner chambers 19 of these portions and the interior of the valve extend perforatin g ports 23, and it will be seen that when the valve is moved in either direction pressure within the chambers 19 and outwardly through such ports 23 will act to overcome pressure tending to hold the gaskets against the valve-shell, so that cutting or abrasion of the `gaskets by pressure against the ports is prevented, as it is manifest that pressure tending to expand the gasket will provide a water seal until the ports 23 register wit-h and pass the gaskets, thus giving circulation through the ports 4c or S to waste-chambers fl or S. These chambers are connected by a by-pass port 2i, and the lower chamber S is provided with a wastepipe 25, leading oit to any suitable discharge.

In the usual construction of valves of this class it is customary to mount all of the gaskets or cups upon the movable piston-valve within the piston-cylinder, thus permitting the pressure of the water to force the cups outwardly against the ports during operation of the valve. This produces rapid cutting and destruction of the cups and requires their frequent renewal, thus involving serious delay and considerable expense. By equalizing the pressure of the water in the manner I have dcscribedand shown I avoid these disadvantages and add greatly to the efficiency and life of the valve.

The sections 3 and 3 of the valve-shell make a tight lit within thc main case 2, and the sections, with the intervening gaskets 20, are tightly clamped together and against the stationary section 3" by the heads 26 of the case by means of the securing-bolts, sufficient intervening space being left at 27 to permit of compression of the gaskets. The securingbolts of the heads are preferably inserted through radial slots in the flanges of the ease and heads, respectively, thus permitting of their easy and rapid removal without entirely unscrewing the nuts, whereby the time consumed in removing the heads lor renewal of gaskets or for any other purpose is reduced to a minimum.

Between the heads 2G and the outer ends of the sections 3 and 3 are interposed packinggaskets 23, which act in the same manner as gaskets 2O to make a water-tight joint and effectually close the ends of the valve-shell sections against leakage. The gaskets 2S extend laterally beyond these shel1-sections into an enlarged space 2) and are turned inwardly,

being provided with peripheral cup-shaped flanges 30. By this means any leakage escaping outwardly beyond ports l or 8 between the case 2 and the shell-sections 3 or 3c will be ei'fectually sealed against further progress by its expansive action against the Harige of the gasket. In a similar manner leakage is prevented around the piston-rod by an internally-similar ilange 3l, which closely embraces the piston-rod, as clearly shown in VtheY drawings, and by the pressure thereon around its outside ellectually cuts off any leakage. In this manner I am enabled to dispense with-the usual stuffing-box around the valve-stem, obviatin g the trouble and expense of renewal and adjustment of the packing and resulting in greater compactness, simplicity, and cheapness of construction of the valve.

Changes and modifications may be made by the skilled mechanic without departing from my invention, since I do not desire to be limited to the exact construction shown, but to include such changes within the scope of the following claims.

"What I claim is- 1. In a hydraulic valve, the combination ol' a main casing having a middle internal an n nlar chamber in communication with a supply-passage, similar chambers at each side of such middle chamber in communication with supply and exhaust passages, additional similar chambers beyond such supply and exhaust passages, a port connecting such outer annu lar chambers and communicating with an cxhaust-passage; an inner longitudinal shell composed of a middle immovable and outer movable sections, ports therethrough communicatin g with the ann nlar chambers,inwardly turned packing-gaskets clamped between the sections, a reciprocating pistonwalve mounted within the shell having outer hollow extremities and ports therethrough and a middle annular cavity between inwardly-turned packing-cups, whereby communication is established through the ports and passages at varying positions of the valve.

2. In a hydraulic valve the combination of a main casing having a longitudinal chamber, amiddle valve-casing secured therein by expanded annular rings,similar valve-casings movably mounted within the longitudinal chamber forming continuations of such middle casing at each end thereof, intervening inwardly-turned packing-gaskets secured between the abutting ends of such valve-casing sections, packing-gaskets at each end of such outer valve-easings, closing-heads for the main casing with means for adjusting such heads against the gasket and ends ofthe outer valve-casing sections, a series of annular chambers within the main casing and surrounding the valve-casing sections, ports through the valve-casing providing communication from the interior of thc valve-casing to such annular chambers, supply and exhaust passages communicating with the annular chambers, a reciprocating piston- IOO ing-gaskets secured between the abutting ends of such valve-casing sections, packinggaskets at each outer end of such outer sections having inWardly-turned iianges projecting into cavities in the main casing, closingheads for the main casing with means for adjusting such heads again-st the gaskets and ends of the outer valve-casing sections, a middle internal annular chamber surrounding the valve-casing and in communication with a supply-passage, similar annular chambers at each side of such middle chamber in communication with supply and exhaust passages, additional similar annular chambers beyond such supply and exhaust passages constituting waste-chambers, a longitudinal external passage connecting such chambers and in communication with a waste-passage, ports through the Valve-casing providing communication from the interior of the Valvecasing to the annular chambers, a reciprocating piston-valve mounted within the valvecasings having outer hollow extremities and ports therethrough, and a middle annular cavity between inwardly turned packingcups whereby communication is established through the ports and passages at Varying positions of the valve.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ROBERT C. BROMLEY. Vitnesse PETER J. EDWARDS, C. M. CLARKE. 

